Achevements of Genomic – Contribution to the Medicine

Boyan Dimitrov

Abstract

The main achievements of the Genomic are reviewed. Hitherto, the genomes of four lower eukaryotic organisms-Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, Sacharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana, and the human genome were sequenced. The data available from many publications on the structural and functional organization of human genome are mainly analyzed. In this review we focus on the recently reported novel information about human genome structure – unusual distribution of genes and the prevalence of non-protein coding genes, the extraordinary concervation of some regions of the genome. The comparative sequence analysis reveals differences and similarity in the human genome structure and function and these of the lower eukaryotic species. The impact of the human genome sequencing on the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of human diseases was disscuced.